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A Note from the Graduate Guest Editor for this
Issue
An objective of Global Media Journal
is to encourage thinking about communication by graduate students.
Graduate students represent new blood, fresh thinking, as they view
the accomplishments of those before them through the eyes of a new
world, a different generation. Most past achievements endure but
there are some that need adaptation to the new conditions of a
changed environment. In the passage of time, some important theories
are forgotten or overlooked but graduate students, as they go
through the paces, can renew their value for us.
Global Media Journal offers two platforms for
student work. The refereed section presents work that is creative,
well-grounded, theoretically-sound, the outcome of rigorous personal
and professional standards of endeavor. It is intended for students
who consider their work is ready to be scrutinized by their peers
at-large. The evidence, proof and argument are 'good enough' and
cogently articulated. The non-refereed section presents work that
indicates important ideas and demonstrates research impulses
appropriate for the topic. One might describe it as the experimental
laboratory of graduate thinking, where imperfections are plenty, but
expected, where the raw materials is assembled, the idea is
tentatively mapped out, but the communication scientist still must
tinker and fine-tune.
Like other professional online journals, Global
Media Journal strives for high standards to nurture graduate student
thinking. Consider me a coach rather than a referee. So as editor, I
will work closely with you to refine your work by feedback. I also
want to take this opportunity to thank my reviewers who worked with
me, especially Drs. Campbell, Crabtree, Palmer, Semati, and Thussu.
Despite their busy schedules, they think it worthwhile to encourage
graduate work and we would like to recognize their support.
Four essays by graduate students are presented in
this issue. Hayden's refereed article "Power in Media Frames:
Thinking about Strategic Framing and Media System Dependency and the
Events of Sept 11, 2001" is a thoughtful and cogently written essay.
It effectively builds its case: charting the power relationships
between theoretical notions of framing and the ecological viewpoint
of Media System Dependency theory as it pertains to the unique
context of media representation and an 'extreme event'. The analysis
provides a good overview of 'framing' theories and smoothly
synthesizes media systems dependency to argue - even if, as Hayden
reflects, "some of the arguments bordered on polemical" - how
agentic 'strategic framing' is mitigated by structural relationships
and dependencies. Hayden observes "At the point where frames are
themselves dependent on the range of media messages they are based
upon, they are subject to the relationships of dependency and power
embedded in media systems" (p. 6). Consequently, he concludes, a
mass-audience prone to deferring authority over a specific strategic
frame is more likely to be dependent on structural inequalities of
the media system, thereby creating a form of social knowledge that
gains its own currency of legitimacy in an uncontested environment.
"The Bush Administration, Inoculation Strategies,
and the Selling of War" by Billeaudeaux, Domke, Hutcheson and
Garland
examines how the Bush
administration used classic 'inoculation' techniques in preparing
for the war on terrorism and that journalist's valence on key
wartime issues moved in step with the administration's inoculation
attempts. The study, by relying on data sources identified in the
New York Times, relied on a more naturalistic process as compared to
inoculation theory's traditional controlled experiment format. Also
of interest is the idea that the concept of 'inoculation' as a
communication strategy - which grew out of research on one- and
twosided messages in the 1950's - might have relevance even today to
understand the relationship between political leadership and media.
The methodology is well-considered and strong, and the writing and
organization efficient. Perhaps with more space/length flexibility,
the authors might also add contemporaneity to their thought.
The non-refereed article by Choi
shares a similar basic
assumption to Hayden's essay: democratic societies are dependent
upon the process of public deliberation and citizen participation.
Choi's article "Public Journalism in Cyberspace: A Korean Case
Study" attempts to explain how online journalism complements public
journalism and the Internet's potential in this regards might be
helpful to develop South Korean democracy. The topic is significant,
and underlying ideas and intent are good - full of potential for
meaningful research. According to an Associated Press report
(Higgins, September 17, 2003), South Korea holds a large lead over
the rest of the world in the percentage of people who have
high-speed Internet connections. Choi's research instincts are good
regarding the kinds of theories and models needed for his essay but
'each section only provides a chunk of the necessary terrain.' In
the end, the reader is alerted only to a set of important issues
with implications for all democratic societies.
Injy Galal’s paper "Online Dating in Egypt" explores
cyber-dating among Egyptian youth at a university in Cairo. Although
the purposive sample is small (66 students in all, 30 males and 36
females), Galal asks well-researched and ample questions including
on Internet usership habits, the nature of the cyber-relationship
(e.g. website membership, instant messenger systems), what adds to
the allure of the communication medium, and the effects of
cyber-relationships. The most commonly cited reasons for engaging in
a cyber-relationship were "I can express myself better over the
internet" and "It provides me with comfort, excitement and
distraction from my daily life". Much like youth and adults
researched on the same topic in the U.S. and other countries.
Galal’s research supported her hypothesis that a majority of young
well-to-do Egyptians were involved in online dating. Both genders
are involved but for different reasons. She concludes "The older
Egyptian generations seem oblivious of the Internet’s potential
impact on the social arena. As more Egyptian couples meet over the
Internet and more of them get married, more serious attention will
probably turn to that medium." Although the Internet is still in the
experimental phase in Egypt, as Galal observed, the reader perceives
many of the reasons why Egyptian youth resort to the Internet for
finding romance and some of the effects of cyber-relationships on
Egyptian youth.
Interestingly, all four articles focused on media
and contemporary society - how media might influence individual's
way of thinking, how media might be influenced, and how media might
influence a society's democratic aspirations. Much thought and work
were invested in producing the papers. I enjoyed reading all the
papers and it is my pleasure to offer them to you to share.
Sweety Law
Texas A&M University
Graduate Guest Editor
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