Volume 2, Issue 3   |   Fall 2003   |   Table of Contents

A Note from the Graduate Guest Editor for this Issue

An objective of Global Media Journal is to encourage thinking about communication by graduate students. Graduate students represent new blood, fresh thinking, as they view the accomplishments of those before them through the eyes of a new world, a different generation. Most past achievements endure but there are some that need adaptation to the new conditions of a changed environment. In the passage of time, some important theories are forgotten or overlooked but graduate students, as they go through the paces, can renew their value for us.

Global Media Journal offers two platforms for student work. The refereed section presents work that is creative, well-grounded, theoretically-sound, the outcome of rigorous personal and professional standards of endeavor. It is intended for students who consider their work is ready to be scrutinized by their peers at-large. The evidence, proof and argument are 'good enough' and cogently articulated. The non-refereed section presents work that indicates important ideas and demonstrates research impulses appropriate for the topic. One might describe it as the experimental laboratory of graduate thinking, where imperfections are plenty, but expected, where the raw materials is assembled, the idea is tentatively mapped out, but the communication scientist still must tinker and fine-tune.

Like other professional online journals, Global Media Journal strives for high standards to nurture graduate student thinking. Consider me a coach rather than a referee. So as editor, I will work closely with you to refine your work by feedback. I also want to take this opportunity to thank my reviewers who worked with me, especially Drs. Campbell, Crabtree, Palmer, Semati, and Thussu. Despite their busy schedules, they think it worthwhile to encourage graduate work and we would like to recognize their support.

Four essays by graduate students are presented in this issue. Hayden's refereed article "Power in Media Frames: Thinking about Strategic Framing and Media System Dependency and the Events of Sept 11, 2001" is a thoughtful and cogently written essay. It effectively builds its case: charting the power relationships between theoretical notions of framing and the ecological viewpoint of Media System Dependency theory as it pertains to the unique context of media representation and an 'extreme event'. The analysis provides a good overview of 'framing' theories and smoothly synthesizes media systems dependency to argue - even if, as Hayden reflects, "some of the arguments bordered on polemical" - how agentic 'strategic framing' is mitigated by structural relationships and dependencies. Hayden observes "At the point where frames are themselves dependent on the range of media messages they are based upon, they are subject to the relationships of dependency and power embedded in media systems" (p. 6). Consequently, he concludes, a mass-audience prone to deferring authority over a specific strategic frame is more likely to be dependent on structural inequalities of the media system, thereby creating a form of social knowledge that gains its own currency of legitimacy in an uncontested environment.

"The Bush Administration, Inoculation Strategies, and the Selling of War" by Billeaudeaux, Domke, Hutcheson and Garland examines how the Bush administration used classic 'inoculation' techniques in preparing for the war on terrorism and that journalist's valence on key wartime issues moved in step with the administration's inoculation attempts. The study, by relying on data sources identified in the New York Times, relied on a more naturalistic process as compared to inoculation theory's traditional controlled experiment format. Also of interest is the idea that the concept of 'inoculation' as a communication strategy - which grew out of research on one- and twosided messages in the 1950's - might have relevance even today to understand the relationship between political leadership and media. The methodology is well-considered and strong, and the writing and organization efficient. Perhaps with more space/length flexibility, the authors might also add contemporaneity to their thought.

The non-refereed article by Choi shares a similar basic assumption to Hayden's essay: democratic societies are dependent upon the process of public deliberation and citizen participation. Choi's article "Public Journalism in Cyberspace: A Korean Case Study" attempts to explain how online journalism complements public journalism and the Internet's potential in this regards might be helpful to develop South Korean democracy. The topic is significant, and underlying ideas and intent are good - full of potential for meaningful research. According to an Associated Press report (Higgins, September 17, 2003), South Korea holds a large lead over the rest of the world in the percentage of people who have high-speed Internet connections. Choi's research instincts are good regarding the kinds of theories and models needed for his essay but 'each section only provides a chunk of the necessary terrain.' In the end, the reader is alerted only to a set of important issues with implications for all democratic societies.

Injy Galal’s paper "Online Dating in Egypt" explores cyber-dating among Egyptian youth at a university in Cairo. Although the purposive sample is small (66 students in all, 30 males and 36 females), Galal asks well-researched and ample questions including on Internet usership habits, the nature of the cyber-relationship (e.g. website membership, instant messenger systems), what adds to the allure of the communication medium, and the effects of cyber-relationships. The most commonly cited reasons for engaging in a cyber-relationship were "I can express myself better over the internet" and "It provides me with comfort, excitement and distraction from my daily life". Much like youth and adults researched on the same topic in the U.S. and other countries. Galal’s research supported her hypothesis that a majority of young well-to-do Egyptians were involved in online dating. Both genders are involved but for different reasons. She concludes "The older Egyptian generations seem oblivious of the Internet’s potential impact on the social arena. As more Egyptian couples meet over the Internet and more of them get married, more serious attention will probably turn to that medium." Although the Internet is still in the experimental phase in Egypt, as Galal observed, the reader perceives many of the reasons why Egyptian youth resort to the Internet for finding romance and some of the effects of cyber-relationships on Egyptian youth.

Interestingly, all four articles focused on media and contemporary society - how media might influence individual's way of thinking, how media might be influenced, and how media might influence a society's democratic aspirations. Much thought and work were invested in producing the papers. I enjoyed reading all the papers and it is my pleasure to offer them to you to share.

Sweety Law
Texas A&M University

 

Graduate Guest Editor

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